R43: Disturbances of smell and taste

Disturbances of smell and taste, classified under ICD-10 code range R43, encompass a set of conditions primarily affecting the sensory system. These conditions disrupt a person's ability to perceive aroma (smell) and flavor (taste), which can greatly influence their quality of life. The disturbances could result from a wide array of causes such as infections, allergies, exposure to certain chemicals, medications, radiation therapy to the head or neck, or conditions that affect the nervous system like parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease. The common symptoms include a reduced ability to smell or taste, a complete loss, or experiencing distortions where familiar odors and tastes seem different or strange. These conditions are typically progressive, with symptoms starting subtly and gradually becoming more apparent. Both the olfactory system (involved in smell) and the gustatory system (involved in taste) may be impacted by these conditions. Depending on the underlying cause, these disturbances could be temporary or permanent.