XVIII: Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified

R40-R46: Symptoms and signs involving cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour

The range of conditions coded from R40-R46 in the ICD-10 WHO 2016 classification, titled "Symptoms and signs involving cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour," refers to a group of conditions that impact cognitive function, perception, emotional well-being, and behavior. These conditions can present as awareness disturbances, sleeping abnormalities, hallucinations, mood changes, and personality shifts. Common triggers can include stress, trauma, existing mental or physical health conditions, or certain medications. The progression of these conditions can depend largely on the underlying cause and may become chronic if left untreated. These conditions can disrupt everyday activities and interactions as they tend to impair an individual's ability to think, perceive their surroundings, regulate their emotions, or control their behaviors in a manner often regarded as standard.