XVII: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities

Q30-Q34: Congenital malformations of the respiratory system

Congenital malformations of the respiratory system refer to a group of disorders that occur in a baby's respiratory system before birth. These defects may affect various parts of the respiratory system including the windpipe, bronchial tubes, lungs, and diaphragm. These malformations might be due to genetic factors, certain infections or drug use during pregnancy, or for unknown reasons. Common symptoms can include rapid or labored breathing, frequent lung infections, and cyanosis (a bluish discoloration of the skin due to low oxygen levels). Disease progression is quite variable and greatly depends on the type and severity of the defect and whether other medical conditions are present. Severe defects can cause serious breathing problems at birth or chronic lung disease over time.