IV: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases are a diverse group of conditions that affect how your body maintains energy, grows, and functions. A dysfunction in the endocrine system—a network of glands that produce and regulate hormones—can lead to disorders such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, or growth issues. Nutritional diseases are often caused by deficiencies, imbalances, or excesses in a person's diet. Examples include malnutrition, obesity, and vitamin and mineral deficiencies. Metabolic diseases result from abnormalities in the processing of nutrients in the body, which affect energy production and consumption. Examples include metabolic syndrome and inherited metabolic disorders. Unusual weight gain or loss, fatigue, changes in appetite, frequent thirst or urination, or growth issues are common symptoms among these conditions. These diseases may manifest slowly over time or can rapidly present if triggered by certain factors.