P70: Transitory disorders of carbohydrate metabolism specific to fetus and newborn

P70.3: Iatrogenic neonatal hypoglycaemia

The body's cells need sugar to get energy. Sugar can be absorbed into the blood via food and the digestive system. Fluid and nutrients can also be administered directly into the blood vessels.

The pancreas produces the messenger substance insulin. Insulin ensures that the sugar from the blood is absorbed into the cells. If the sugar content of the blood is too high, the pancreas releases more insulin into the blood. As a result, the sugar level in the blood then drops back. Insulin is also used as a medication. An insufficient sugar content in the blood can be caused by administering too much insulin.

If the sugar content of the child’s blood is too low, the child may breathe faster than usual or stop breathing. When there are breathing problems the skin can turn blueish. The body temperature may be lower than usual. The child may also suffer seizures or lose consciousness.