P25: Interstitial emphysema and related conditions originating in the perinatal period

Interstitial emphysema and related conditions originating in the perinatal period refers to a group of respiratory disorders that occur during or immediately after birth. Interstitial emphysema, one of the most common conditions in this group, occurs when air leaks into spaces around the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs) and causes them to expand abnormally. This can damage the lungs and leads to breathing difficulties. These conditions are typically caused by lung injuries that occur during birth or from the use of mechanical ventilation in premature babies. Symptoms often include rapid breathing, grunting sound when breathing, and the chest appearing unusually large or swollen. Over time, the condition may progress, causing further lung damage and reducing lung function. These disorders primarily affect the respiratory system, particularly the lungs.