N04: Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms that indicate your kidneys are not working as well as they should. These symptoms include high levels of protein in your urine (proteinuria), low levels of protein in your blood (hypoalbuminemia), high levels of fat and cholesterol in your blood, and swelling (edema), especially in your feet, ankles, and hands. These conditions typically occur when your body's small blood vessels that filter waste and excess water from your blood get damaged. The damage allows protein that your body needs to leak into your urine, which can lead to the aforementioned symptoms. The problem often grows worse over time, and it can affect both children and adults. Various diseases and conditions can cause nephrotic syndrome including diabetes, lupus, and certain drugs or infections. However, sometimes the cause is unknown.