M01.1: Tuberculous arthritis

Tuberculous arthritis is a type of joint disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it is rare, primarily affecting individuals with compromised immune systems, it can occur in healthy individuals as well. The bacterium can reach the joints from another part of the body (like the lungs, where tuberculosis typically presents) through the bloodstream, causing infection. It most commonly affects larger joints like the hip and knee. The condition can progress slowly, characterized initially by pain and stiffness in the joint, eventually leading to loss of movement. Other symptoms may include swelling, heat in the joint area, and overall malaise. If left untreated, tuberculous arthritis can cause severe and permanent damage to the joints. Early detection is crucial to better manage the condition and prevent its progression.