I30-I52: Other forms of heart disease

I48: Atrial fibrillation and flutter

Atrial fibrillation and flutter are heart conditions that are characterized by irregular heart rhythms, typically considered a type of arrhythmia. Essentially, the heart races and fails to beat in a coordinated manner. They occur due to an electrical malfunction in the heart's upper chambers, or atria, causing them to contract quickly and irregularly. Common symptoms include heart palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue, and weakness. The progression of these conditions varies by intense episodes that come and go to a permanent state. Over time, the rapid and irregular heartbeat can cause numerous health complications, such as stroke and heart failure. Some may not experience any noticeable symptoms and only get diagnosed during a physical examination. The underlying causes can be age, heart disease, high-blood pressure, and certain medications. It is important to note that although these conditions share similarities, they are unique in the specifics of their irregular rhythms.