B23.1: HIV disease resulting in (persistent) generalized lymphadenopathy

HIV disease resulting in persistent generalized lymphadenopathy is a specific manifestation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a virus that weakens the immune system by attacking certain cells called CD4 cells, or T cells. In this condition, the HIV virus causes swollen lymph nodes, often in multiple areas of the body, which persist for three months or longer. This is termed as "generalized lymphadenopathy". Lymph nodes, part of the body's immune system, fight off infections and diseases, and their swelling can be a sign of an active process. This condition is generally due to the body's response to the HIV infection, but it can also sometimes indicate the presence of a secondary infection or malignancy. Symptoms may include swollen glands in the neck, armpit, or groin that may be tender, along with other symptoms such as fever, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats. As part of the spectrum of HIV disease, it is transmitted through certain body fluids — blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk — and through activities such as unprotected sex, sharing of needles, and mother-to-child transmission during birth or breastfeeding.