Z11.4: Special screening examination for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]

The Z11.4 code refers to a special screening examination specifically for the detection of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If left untreated, it can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a more serious and life-threatening stage of the infection. HIV is spread through certain body fluids like blood, semen, vaginal and rectal secretions, and breast milk. The virus can be transmitted from person to person through sexual contact, sharing of needles for drug use, or from a mother to her baby during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Initial HIV infection may not cause symptoms for several years, though some people may experience a flu-like illness within 2-4 weeks after the virus enters the body. As the disease progresses, common symptoms include rapid weight loss, recurring fever or profuse night sweats, fatigue, swollen lymph glands, and prolonged swelling of the throat.