Y53: Agents primarily affecting the gastrointestinal system

Y53.3: Saline and osmotic laxatives

Saline and osmotic laxatives are types of medications used to relieve constipation, a condition where a person has difficulty passing stools or doesn't have regular bowel movements. These laxatives work by drawing water into the gut through osmosis and encouraging bowel movements. When used correctly, they can make stools softer and easier to pass and stimulate the muscles of the bowel to push waste out. The use of these laxatives could lead to side effects like bloating, gas, and cramps. In more severe instances, they can cause imbalances in the body's electrolyte levels, which can affect the function of the muscles, heart, and nerves. If accidentally overused or misused, these laxatives may cause dehydration, kidney problems, and long-term constipation issues.