Y21: Drowning and submersion, undetermined intent

Drowning and submersion categorized as 'undetermined intent' cover a range of conditions where an individual is injured due to coming under water or other liquids with the specific intention not confirmed. Typically occurring in swimming pools, lakes, bathtubs, or the ocean, it is characterized by difficulty in breathing due to immersion in liquid. Common signs might include gasping for breath, unconsciousness, and absence of breathing. It could also manifest as a complex progression from distress to incapacitation, where the individual is initially anxious, confused, and trying to head to the surface but gradually loses control of arm and leg movements. This may eventually lead to sinking and getting submerged, causing the absence of consciousness due to oxygen deprivation. Systems affected are typically the respiratory and cardiovascular ones, which could lead to hypoxia, brain damage or cardiac arrest. As the title implies, whether such injuries are accidental, intentional, or due to negligence cannot be determined.