T70: Effects of air pressure and water pressure

T70.0: Otitic barotrauma

There is a certain pressure in every environment. The pressure in the air is atmospheric pressure and decreases with increasing altitude. The pressure in water is water pressure and increases with depth.

For example, the ambient pressure changes when changing altitude or while diving. There are various air-filled cavities in the body that constantly adjust to the ambient pressure.

If the ambient pressure suddenly changes, then sometimes the pressure in the body’s air-filled cavities may not adjust as quickly. The ears, for example, are air-filled cavities in the body.

The ear is a sensory organ that is used to hear and to maintain one's balance. There are 3 different areas in the ear: the outer ear, middle ear and inner ear.

The middle ear and the inner ear can be damaged when there is a change of pressure. There may then be ear pain, for example. Hearing may be worse than it usually is or there may be ringing in the ears.