R59: Enlarged lymph nodes

Enlarged lymph nodes, also known as lymphadenopathy, is a condition where the lymph nodes, small glands dotted throughout the body that fight infection, enlarge due to inflammation. While lymphadenopathy can occur in just one or two lymph nodes (localized), it may affect lymph nodes throughout the body (generalized). The condition is most commonly caused by infections, both viral and bacterial, but can also be a response to cancer, auto-immune diseases, and certain medications. Common symptoms include swellings under the skin, which are usually painless but can sometimes be tender. Depending on the underlying cause, additional signs such as fever, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss might be present. In many cases, enlarged lymph nodes resolve as the body successfully fights off the infection or inflammation, but in some instances, they may persist or even increase in size, which could indicate a more serious underlying condition.