Q86: Congenital malformation syndromes due to known exogenous causes, not elsewhere classified

Congenital malformation syndromes due to known exogenous causes encompass a group of birth disorders that are caused by external factors during pregnancy. This can include harmful substances mothers might come into contact with when pregnant, like drugs, alcohol, infections, or exposure to radiation. The impact on the baby varies greatly depending on the substance and the time of exposure during pregnancy. Malformations may vary and can involve various organs like the heart, brain, limbs, or facial structures. In effect, these conditions can lead to a wide range of health problems. These might present as physical deformities, growth problems, intellectual disability, or a variety of other signs and symptoms depending on the specific syndrome. The progression of these conditions largely depends on the severity and type of malformation. Furthermore, some effects may not be evident immediately at birth but become apparent later as the child grows and develops.