Q24: Other congenital malformations of heart

The group of conditions known as Other Congenital Malformations of the Heart encompasses a variety of heart-related abnormalities that are present from birth. These abnormalities result from issues that arise in the heart's structure as it forms during the early stages of pregnancy. Factors such as genetics or maternal health conditions, medication use, or lifestyle habits can influence these malformations. The symptoms and progression of these conditions can vary widely depending on the specific type and severity of the malformation. For instance, some children remain symptom-free, while others experience symptoms such as fatigue, rapid breathing, poor feeding, or bluish skin. These conditions predominantly affect the cardiovascular system and may disrupt its normal function, potentially leading to serious health issues later on. Diagnosis usually occurs during pregnancy or shortly after birth through various screening methodologies.