P91: Other disturbances of cerebral status of newborn

P91.6: Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy of newborn

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) of newborn is a serious brain disorder in newborns. It occurs when there is limited oxygen (hypoxia) or blood flow (ischemia) to the baby's brain close to the time of birth. This could be due to complications during delivery such as prolonged labor, infection, or issues with the placenta or umbilical cord. Poor oxygen and blood supply can damage the brain cells and lead to HIE. Early signs may include weak muscle tone, breathing or feeding difficulties, seizures, or bluish or pale skin color. HIE affects major body systems such as the nervous and respiratory systems. The condition can result in long-term health issues like developmental delays, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, or cognitive challenges. It is crucial to note that the severity of HIE varies greatly, with each case being unique. Doctors perform detailed evaluations to identify and track the progress of this condition.