P52: Intracranial nontraumatic haemorrhage of fetus and newborn

Intracranial nontraumatic haemorrhage of fetus and newborn refers to a group of medical conditions where bleeding occurs within the skull of a newborn or fetus, which isn't overuse to any external injury. The causes of these conditions primarily involve complications surrounding pregnancy or childbirth, such as preterm birth, high maternal blood pressure, or a problematic delivery. Typically, this scenario could lead to problematic conditions such as intraventricular haemorrhage, where blood pools within the brain's ventricular system, or a subarachnoid haemorrhage, where blood spills into the spaces surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Observable symptoms may include lethargy, seizures, or a bulging soft spot on the baby's head. Over time, if untreated, these conditions could further lead to developmental delays, physical disabilities, or in severe cases, even death. The neurological system of the newborn is primarily affected in these conditions.