P04.2: Fetus and newborn affected by maternal use of tobacco

Tobacco is a plant. Nicotine is an active ingredient found in tobacco. For example, tobacco can be smoked or snuffed.

The placenta forms in the mother’s womb during pregnancy. The placenta consists of cells from the mother and cells from the unborn child. The placenta supplies the unborn child with nutrients and oxygen via the umbilical cord. Harmful substances can be transmitted from the mother to the child via the placenta. Harmful substances can also be transmitted after the birth through breastfeeding. The child's health can be harmed as a result.

Tobacco can damage the child’s health while in the womb. Problems with the placenta and the child’s nourishment may result, for example. If the child does not get an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients, it may not grow properly in the womb. When it is born, the child may then be smaller and lighter than most other children. Tobacco can also cause deformities in the child. The child may also be born prematurely. After the birth, problems can occur with the child's breathing or circulation. After the birth, physical and mental development may differ from that of other children of the same age. Behavior may also be different.