P02: Fetus and newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes

P02.1: Fetus and newborn affected by other forms of placental separation and haemorrhage

The placenta forms in the mother’s womb during pregnancy. The placenta consists of cells from the mother and cells from the unborn child. The umbilical cord connects the child to the placenta.

Usually the placenta only detaches from the womb after the child has been born. But for different reasons, the placenta may also detach from the womb before the birth. The child may then no longer be adequately supplied with oxygen and nutrients. If the placenta detaches, there may also be bleeding from the placenta. The placenta may also bleed after an amniotic fluid test or some other medical intervention. As a result of bleeding like this, the child may also lose blood. Then, too, the child may no longer be adequately supplied with oxygen. The child's heart may also then beat more slowly than usual. The child may also then move less than usual in the womb.

The child is supplied with oxygen and nutrients via the mother's blood and via the placenta. If the mother loses blood, it can lead to the child no longer getting an adequate supply.