N40-N51: Diseases of male genital organs

N40: Hyperplasia of prostate

The prostate forms part of the male genital organs. The prostate sits below the bladder and encircles the urethra. The prostate is also known as the prostate gland. Some of the seminal fluid is formed in the prostate.

The prostate becomes enlarged in many men as they get older. Almost every man over 80 has an enlarged prostate.

The exact cause of this condition is unknown. It is thought that male sex hormones play a role in its development.

If the prostate is enlarged, the urethra may become constricted. It is also thought that it affects the bladder muscle and the bladder control by the nerves. This prevents a normal flow of urine. This can produce a number of symptoms. The flow of urine may become weaker. You may have to go to the toilet more frequently or at night-time. You may have the feeling that you can no longer empty your bladder completely, or that you have to strain when urinating.