M84: Disorders of continuity of bone

M84.1: Nonunion of fracture [pseudarthrosis]

Nonunion of fracture, also known as pseudarthrosis, is a condition that occurs when a broken bone fails to heal properly over a long period of time, typically several months. This situation is different from a typical bone fracture, because in standard fractures, the body manages to produce new bone tissue that helps the body heal the fracture and restore bone strength. However, in cases of nonunion, this healing process is disrupted or incomplete. As a result, the fractured bones do not join together to make one solid bone. Patients with nonunion usually experience ongoing pain at the fracture site, instability or inability to use the affected part properly, and sometimes, visible deformity. Other symptoms may include swelling, tenderness, and limited function. Any bone can be affected, and the condition often arises due to factors such as inadequate blood supply, infection, or inadequate immobilization of the fracture site post-injury.