M42: Spinal osteochondrosis

Spinal osteochondrosis is a group of disorders primarily affecting the spine. It is marked by the degeneration or deterioration of the vertebral disc and tissues in proximity, a result of the reduced blood supply to these parts. Over time, this diminished nutrient supply can impair the normal growth and repair mechanisms of spinal tissues, causing breakdown and weakening of the spinal structure. Common symptoms include back pain, stiffness, and reduced flexibility, often intensifying with physical activity or prolonged periods of standing or sitting. With progression, the condition can lead to disc herniation or nerve impingement, which may cause radiating pain in arms or legs, or even issues with balance and coordination. Spinal osteochondrosis can affect any area of the spine but is most common in the lower back and neck regions. Various factors can contribute to its development, including aging, injury, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle habits like smoking and lack of exercise.