K40-K46: Hernia

K45: Other abdominal hernia

Other abdominal hernias, represented by ICD-10 code K45, are a group of conditions characterized by the protrusion of an organ, typically part of the intestine, through a weak spot in the abdominal wall. These hernias can occur in various locations apart from the common sites such as the inguinal region (groin), including the umbilical region (navel), femoral region (upper thigh), or even previous surgical scars (incisional hernias). Factors that amplify the risk of developing these hernias include obesity, heavy lifting, chronic cough, fluid in the abdomen, or straining during bowel movements. Symptoms can range from a noticeable bulge in the abdomen and discomfort to more severe forms like sudden pain, nausea, or vomiting, which may indicate the hernia is obstructed or strangulated, requiring urgent medical attention. The disease progression varies based on location and the onset is usually gradual but can be sudden if related to heavy strain or physical activity. The abdominal wall and digestive systems are primarily affected.