J85-J86: Suppurative and necrotic conditions of lower respiratory tract

J86: Pyothorax

Pyothorax, also known as an empyema, is a serious medical condition where pus accumulates in the space between the lungs and the inner surface of the chest wall, known as the pleural cavity. It's typically a complication of pneumonia, but can also result from a chest injury, lung surgery, or an infection that spreads from another part of the body. Bacteria are the most common cause of pyothorax, entering the pleural space and triggering an immune response that leads to pus formation. Symptoms usually include chest pain, fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. Over time, the infection can harden and form a thick shell around the lung, hindering its normal function and potentially leading to more serious complications such as respiratory failure. Various aspects of the respiratory system can be affected by this condition, including the pleurae, the lungs themselves, and the overall ability to breathe. Pyothorax requires prompt medical attention to prevent further disease progression.