G91: Hydrocephalus

G91.2: Normal-pressure hydrocephalus

Normal-pressure hydrocephalus is a neurological condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain's ventricles, causing them to enlarge. This happens even though the CSF pressure in the brain is often normal. The peculiar aspect of the disease is that symptoms can arise gradually and can often be mistaken for other conditions associated with aging. Common symptoms include difficulty walking, problems with memory and concentration, and loss of bladder control. These symptoms stem from the pathological enlargement of the brain's ventricles exerting pressure on surrounding brain tissues, particularly those areas responsible for gait, cognitive functions, and urinary control. Normal-pressure hydrocephalus, generally observed in older adults, can progress over time causing varying degrees of functional impairment, though the rate of progression can vary widely among individuals.