G45.1: Carotid artery syndrome (hemispheric)

Carotid artery syndrome, also known as hemispheric, refers to a set of symptoms that occur as a result of insufficient blood supply to the brain. This condition primarily affects the carotid arteries, which are the main blood vessels located on each side of the neck, responsible for transporting blood to the brain. The insufficiency of blood flow can arise from various reasons such as narrowing (stenosis) or blockage (occlusion) of these arteries, typically due to fatty deposits known as plaques. The common symptoms associated with this condition might include dizziness, unsteady gait, blurred vision, temporary loss of vision, weakness on one side of the body, and difficulty speaking or understanding, manifesting sudden and often temporary changes in brain function. Over time, without appropriate management, carotid artery syndrome may potentially lead to serious complications like stroke, which is a medical emergency demanding immediate attention.