VI: Diseases of the nervous system

G35-G37: Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system

Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system are a group of conditions that result from damage to the protective covering of nerve fibers, known as myelin, in the brain and spinal cord. This damage disrupts the smooth flow of electrical impulses along the nerves, leading to a range of neurological symptoms. Symptoms vary, but may include problems with movement, vision, and speech, as well as cognitive impairment and fatigue. The exact causes of these diseases are often unknown, but some are thought to result from the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own cells (autoimmune response), while others may be triggered by viral infections. Over time, these conditions can get progressively worse, with periods of remission and worsening. Different parts of the central nervous system may be affected, leading to a wide range of potential symptoms and disease courses.