E12.1: Malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis

Malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis, or E12.1, is a specific type of diabetes that is closely linked with poor nutrition. In this condition, the body cannot effectively use the sugar (glucose) from food due to a lack of insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. As a result, the body starts breaking down fat for energy, which produces acidic compounds known as ketones. An excessive accumulation of ketones can lead to a potentially dangerous condition called ketoacidosis. Symptoms often include frequent urination, extreme thirst, fatigue, nausea or vomiting, shortness of breath, and confusion. It's important to note that this kind of diabetes presents differently than the typical type 1 or type 2 diabetes due to its relationship with malnourishment. Therefore, successful management of the disease requires careful nutritional monitoring as well as typical diabetes care.