E11: Type 2 diabetes mellitus

E11.9: Type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications

Type 2 diabetes mellitus without complications, also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels. This occurs when the body either resists the effects of insulin - a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into the cells - or doesn't produce enough insulin to maintain a normal glucose level. Common symptoms include frequent urination, increased thirst and hunger, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and blurred vision. However, some people may not experience any symptoms in the early stages. Over time, persistently elevated blood sugar levels can affect various systems in the body, leading to heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, eye problems, and nerve damage. The progress of the disease can be slow and may take years before any complications develop. It is commonly linked with obesity, sedentary lifestyle and older age, but genetics and family history also play a significant role.