E10: Type 1 diabetes mellitus

E10.1: Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis

Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis is a complex metabolic condition. This usually occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin, a hormone necessary to allow glucose to enter cells to produce energy. Without sufficient insulin, the body starts to burn fat for energy, leading to the production of ketones, which are poisonous acids that build up in the blood and urine. This condition, known as 'ketoacidosis', can quickly become dangerous if not treated promptly; symptoms may include frequent urination, excessive thirst, nausea or vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue, and difficulty breathing. Over a longer term, this condition can damage the heart, blood vessels, nerves, kidneys, and eyes, hence, regular management is paramount.