E00-E07: Disorders of thyroid gland

E04: Other nontoxic goitre

Other nontoxic goitre, classified under the E04 code in the ICD-10, refers to a group of conditions that involve enlargement of the thyroid gland that is not associated with overproduction of thyroid hormone or malignancy. This thyroid enlargement, or goitre, can occur due to a variety of reasons such as iodine deficiency, genetic factors, certain medications and inflammation. Symptom appearance depends on the goitre's size and location. These may include visible swelling in the neck, difficulty swallowing or breathing, coughing, and hoarseness. The thyroid gland is a part of the endocrine system and plays crucial roles in regulating the body's metabolism and growth. Disease progression and severity can vary from benign nodules or cysts to large neck masses that affect neighbouring structures. However, it is important to note that these conditions do not initially present with major changes in thyroid function. These conditions are typically diagnosed through physical assessment and confirmed through imaging and lab tests.