C93: Monocytic leukaemia

C93.3: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia (JMML) is a rare form of blood cancer found in young children, typically under the age of four. It's characterised by the overproduction of immature white blood cells, known as myelomonocytes, in the bone marrow. This abnormal growth interferes with the body's ability to produce healthy blood cells and can affect other organ systems, like the liver, spleen, and skin. Initial symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, pallor, recurring fever, and unexplained weight loss. The condition may also cause increased susceptibility to infections, as well as easy bruising or bleeding due to a lowered count of healthy platelets in the blood. The disease often progresses rapidly, emphasizing the importance of early detection and intervention. The exact cause of JMML remains unknown, however, certain genetic mutations have been identified in relation to the condition.