B50-B64: Protozoal diseases

B50: Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a severe form of malaria, a disease caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. This parasite is transmitted to humans through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquitoes. Typically, after an incubation period of 9 to 14 days, symptoms begin to manifest. Initial symptoms may include fever, headache, chills, and vomiting. The disease may progress rapidly, leading to severe anemia due to the destruction of red blood cells, or cerebral malaria, an affected system that can cause seizures or loss of consciousness. Without quick and effective treatment, the disease can cause other severe complications, including organ failure and death. Individuals of all ages can be affected, however, the most severe cases usually occur in individuals who have little or no immunity to the disease, such as young children and pregnant women.